2 Tawarikh 27:1--28:27
Konteks27:1 Jotham was twenty-five years old when he began to reign, and he reigned for sixteen years in Jerusalem. 1 His mother was Jerusha the daughter of Zadok. 27:2 He did what the Lord approved, just as his father Uzziah had done. 2 (He did not, however, have the audacity to enter the temple.) 3 Yet the people were still sinning.
27:3 He built the Upper Gate to the Lord’s temple and did a lot of work on the wall in the area known as Ophel. 4 27:4 He built cities in the hill country of Judah and fortresses and towers in the forests.
27:5 He launched a military campaign 5 against the king of the Ammonites and defeated them. That year the Ammonites paid him 100 talents 6 of silver, 10,000 kors 7 of wheat, and 10,000 kors 8 of barley. The Ammonites also paid this same amount of annual tribute the next two years. 9
27:6 Jotham grew powerful because he was determined to please the Lord his God. 10 27:7 The rest of the events of Jotham’s reign, including all his military campaigns and his accomplishments, are recorded in the scroll of the kings of Israel and Judah. 11 27:8 He was twenty-five years old when he began to reign, and he reigned for sixteen years in Jerusalem. 27:9 Jotham passed away 12 and was buried in the City of David. 13 His son Ahaz replaced him as king.
28:1 Ahaz was twenty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned for sixteen years in Jerusalem. 14 He did not do what pleased the Lord, in contrast to his ancestor David. 15 28:2 He followed in the footsteps of 16 the kings of Israel; he also made images of the Baals. 28:3 He offered sacrifices in the Valley of Ben-Hinnom and passed his sons through the fire, 17 a horrible sin practiced by the nations 18 whom the Lord drove out before the Israelites. 28:4 He offered sacrifices and burned incense on the high places, on the hills, and under every green tree.
28:5 The Lord his God handed him over to the king of Syria. The Syrians 19 defeated him and deported many captives to Damascus. 20 He was also handed over to the king of Israel, who thoroughly defeated him. 21 28:6 In one day King Pekah son of Remaliah of Israel killed 120,000 warriors in Judah, because they had abandoned the Lord God of their ancestors. 22 28:7 Zikri, an Ephraimite warrior, killed the king’s son Maaseiah, Azrikam, the supervisor of the palace, and Elkanah, the king’s second-in-command. 28:8 The Israelites seized from their brothers 200,000 wives, sons, and daughters. They also carried off a huge amount of plunder and took it 23 back to Samaria. 24
28:9 Oded, a prophet of the Lord, was there. He went to meet the army as they arrived in Samaria and said to them: “Look, because the Lord God of your ancestors was angry with Judah he handed them over to you. You have killed them so mercilessly that God has taken notice. 25 28:10 And now you are planning 26 to enslave 27 the people 28 of Judah and Jerusalem. Yet are you not also guilty before the Lord your God? 28:11 Now listen to me! Send back those you have seized from your brothers, for the Lord is very angry at you!” 29 28:12 So some of 30 the Ephraimite family leaders, Azariah son of Jehochanan, Berechiah son of Meshillemoth, Jechizkiah son of Shallum, and Amasa son of Hadlai confronted 31 those returning from the battle. 28:13 They said to them, “Don’t bring those captives here! Are you planning on making us even more sinful and guilty before the Lord? 32 Our guilt is already great and the Lord is very angry at Israel.” 33 28:14 So the soldiers released the captives and the plunder before the officials and the entire assembly. 28:15 Men were assigned to take the prisoners and find clothes among the plunder for those who were naked. 34 So they clothed them, supplied them with sandals, gave them food and drink, and provided them with oil to rub on their skin. 35 They put the ones who couldn’t walk on donkeys. 36 They brought them back to their brothers at Jericho, 37 the city of the date palm trees, and then returned to Samaria.
28:16 At that time King Ahaz asked the king 38 of Assyria for help. 28:17 The Edomites had again invaded and defeated Judah and carried off captives. 28:18 The Philistines had raided the cities of Judah in the lowlands 39 and the Negev. They captured and settled in Beth Shemesh, Aijalon, Gederoth, Soco and its surrounding villages, Timnah and its surrounding villages, and Gimzo and its surrounding villages. 28:19 The Lord humiliated 40 Judah because of King Ahaz of Israel, 41 for he encouraged Judah to sin and was very 42 unfaithful to the Lord. 28:20 King Tiglath-pileser 43 of Assyria came, but he gave him more trouble than support. 44 28:21 Ahaz gathered riches 45 from the Lord’s temple, the royal palace, and the officials and gave them to the king of Assyria, but that did not help.
28:22 During his time of trouble King Ahaz was even more unfaithful to the Lord. 28:23 He offered sacrifices to the gods of Damascus whom he thought had defeated him. 46 He reasoned, 47 “Since the gods of the kings of Damascus helped them, I will sacrifice to them so they will help me.” But they caused him and all Israel to stumble. 28:24 Ahaz gathered the items in God’s temple and removed them. He shut the doors of the Lord’s temple and erected altars on every street corner in Jerusalem. 28:25 In every city throughout Judah he set up high places to offer sacrifices to other gods. He angered the Lord God of his ancestors.
28:26 The rest of the events of Ahaz’s reign, including his accomplishments from start to finish, are recorded in the Scroll of the Kings of Judah and Israel. 48 28:27 Ahaz passed away 49 and was buried in the City of David; 50 they did not bring him to the tombs of the kings of Israel. His son Hezekiah replaced him as king.
[27:1] 1 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[27:2] 2 tn Heb “he did what was proper in the eyes of the
[27:2] 3 tn Heb “except he did not enter the house of the
[27:3] 4 tn Heb “wall of Ophel.” See HALOT 861 s.v. II עֹפֶל.
[27:5] 5 tn Heb “he fought with.”
[27:5] 6 tn The Hebrew word כִּכַּר (kikar, “circle”) refers generally to something that is round. When used of metals it can refer to a disk-shaped weight made of the metal or, by extension, to a standard unit of weight. According to the older (Babylonian) standard the “talent” weighed 130 lbs. (58.9 kg), but later this was lowered to 108.3 lbs. (49.1 kg). More recent research suggests the “light” standard talent was 67.3 lbs. (30.6 kg). Using this as the standard for calculation, the weight of the silver was 6,730 lbs. (3,060 kg).
[27:5] 7 sn As a unit of dry measure a kor was roughly equivalent to six bushels (about 220 liters).
[27:5] 8 tn Heb “10,000 kors of wheat and 10,000 of barley.” The unit of measure of the barley is omitted in the Hebrew text, but is understood to be “kors,” the same as the measures of wheat.
[27:5] 9 tn Heb “This the sons of Ammon brought to him, and in the second year and the third.”
[27:6] 10 tn Heb “because he established his ways before the
[27:7] 11 tn Heb “As for the rest of the events of Jotham, and his battles and his ways, look, they are written on the scroll of the kings of Israel and Judah.”
[27:9] 12 tn Heb “lay down with his fathers.”
[27:9] 13 sn The phrase the City of David refers here to the fortress of Zion in Jerusalem, not to Bethlehem. See 2 Sam 5:7.
[28:1] 14 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[28:1] 15 tn Heb “and he did not do what was proper in the eyes of the
[28:2] 16 tn Heb “he walked in the ways of.”
[28:3] 17 sn This may refer to child sacrifice, though some interpret it as a less drastic cultic practice (NEB “burnt his sons in the fire”; NASB “burned his sons in the fire”; NIV “sacrificed his sons in the fire”; NRSV “made his sons pass through fire”). For discussion see M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings (AB), 266-67.
[28:3] 18 tn Heb “like the abominable practices of the nations.”
[28:5] 19 tn Heb “they”; the referent (the Syrians) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[28:5] 20 tn Heb “and took captive from him a great captivity and brought [them] to Damascus.”
[28:5] 21 tn Heb “who struck him down with a great striking.”
[28:6] 22 tn Heb “fathers” (also in vv. 9, 25).
[28:8] 23 tn Heb “the loot.” The pronoun (“it”) has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons, to avoid redundancy.
[28:8] 24 map For location see Map2 B1; Map4 D3; Map5 E2; Map6 A4; Map7 C1.
[28:9] 25 tn Heb “and you killed them with anger [that] reaches as far as heaven.”
[28:10] 27 tn Heb “to enslave as male servants and female servants.”
[28:11] 29 tn Heb “for the rage of the anger of the
[28:12] 31 tn Heb “arose against.”
[28:13] 32 tn Heb “for to the guilt of the
[28:13] 33 tn Heb “for great is [the] guilt to us and rage of anger is upon Israel.”
[28:15] 34 tn Heb “and the men who were designated by names arose and took the captives and all their naked ones they clothed from the loot.”
[28:15] 35 tn Heb “and poured oil on them.”
[28:15] 36 tn Heb “and they led them on donkeys, with respect to everyone stumbling.”
[28:15] 37 map For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.
[28:16] 38 tc Most Hebrew
[28:18] 39 tn Heb “Shephelah.”
[28:19] 41 sn That is, “of Judah.” Frequently in 2 Chronicles “Israel” is substituted for “Judah.”
[28:19] 42 tn The infinitive absolute precedes the finite verbal form to emphasize the degree of Ahaz’s unfaithfulness.
[28:20] 43 tn Heb “Tilgath-pilneser,” a variant spelling of Tiglath-pileser.
[28:20] 44 tn Heb “and he caused him distress and did not strengthen him.”
[28:21] 45 tn Heb “divided up,” but some read חִלֵּץ (khillets, “despoiled”).
[28:23] 46 tn Heb “the gods of Damascus, the ones who had defeated him.” The words “he thought” are supplied in the translation for clarification. The perspective is that of Ahaz, not the narrator! Another option is that “the kings” has been accidentally omitted after “gods of.” See v. 23b.
[28:26] 48 tn Heb “As for the rest of his events, and all his ways, the former and the latter, look, they are written on the scroll of the kings of Judah and Israel.”
[28:27] 49 tn Heb “lay down with his fathers.”
[28:27] 50 sn The phrase the City of David refers here to the fortress of Zion in Jerusalem, not to Bethlehem. See 2 Sam 5:7.
